Relationship between Organizational Political Behavior and Organizational Citizenship Behavior with the Mediating Role of Leadership Style and Emotional Intelligence: A Study on the Banking Industry of Bangladesh

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between organizational political behavior, discretionary behaviors of the employees, leadership style, and emotional intelligence. Using a stratified random sampling method, data of the study were collected from 206 banking professionals through a structured survey questionnaire. The study employed Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) using Smart PLS 4 software for comprehensive data analysis. Firstly, the findings reveal that engaging in organizational political behaviors impacts employees' commitment to voluntary activities outside their job roles. Secondly, it emphasizes the impact of emotional as well as leadership in shaping employees' perceptions of citizenship behaviors. Furthermore, this research highlights a correlation between politics and leadership styles. It suggests that higher levels of politics can weaken the influence of leadership approaches. Additionally, individuals- inclined towards politics- tend to possess greater levels of emotional intelligence. Importantly
mediation analyses demonstrate how leadership styles and emotional intelligence intervene the connection between politics and citizenship behaviors. By fostering leadership and developing emotional intelligence competencies within organizations, the findings indicate the importance of fostering organizational cultures. It is hoped that these findings can be utilized by banking industry leaders and HR professionals in Bangladesh to enhance their performance. These insights can help create an environment that fosters behaviors and contributes to the success of organizations.